Ground Penetration Radar known as GPR equips with antenna which send electromagnetic waves into the subsurface. GPR works by detecting the reflected signal from the subsurface features. GPR system component includes antenna, control unit, and power supply parts. Various of features underground can be scanned by using this technique for example ice, fresh water, pipes, pavement, rock, soil. GPR equipment using high frequency of radio waves, commonly minimum from 10 megahertz up to 1 gigahertz. Whenever the energy touches the materials underground they will reflect back to receiver. The strength, amplitude and reflection energy is depending on the contrast in the conductivity between features. Features with high dielectric will slow down the radar wave and it cannot be penetrating further. Features with high conductivity will diffuse the signal rapidly while the non-conductor material will reflect the signal better.
Locator is another device to locate the underground features or utilities. Locator works differently from GPR method because it only can detect metal objects underground. This device usually used for engineering purposes another important aspect of this locator is it can reduce the risk of any accident would happen during the survey. Active locating it is standard method to locate the underground utilities. By using locator system, it is help to do blind searchers, ground surveys and to confirm the location of underground utilities.
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